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NoteDropletsizenumberofemployeesin2009.SourceU.S.BureauofLaborStatisticsQCEW.Thereare173frmsinthewatersupplyandtreatmentclusterthatrepresentnearly3.5billioninsalesFigure1.Asaclusterthewatersupplyandtreatmentsectorhasexperienceddecliningemploymentintheregionandthenationrom2004to2009Figure2.Inthecurrenteconomicclimatesomeothisdeclinemaysimplybeduetotheoverallcontractionintheeconomyandthelackopublicundingwhichistheprimaryrevenueorthesesystems.Inanycaseitindicatesthattheseindustriesmaybecautiousabouttheirplansorutureexpansiongiventheirrecenthistory.IsouthwesternPennsylvaniaweretomatchtheexpectedemploymentlevelsinthenationwewouldneedanadditional175jobsinwatersupplyandtreatment.Thisdoesnotpredictthatthissectorwillgrowbutitsuggeststhattheregionshouldnotexperienceadditionaljoblossesinthissector.109876543210-60-50-40-30-20-1001020SewageTreatment399employeesRemediationServices719employeesU.S.EmploymentChange2004-2009SWPAEmploymentChange2004-2009Withintheclustertwoindustriesshowsomepositivesignsorgrowth.SewagetreatmenthasdeclinedintheregionbutgrowthintheU.S.couldhelptoreversethattrend.Thedeclinemaybetheresultodecreasedindustrialactivityintherecessionaswellasthelackopopulationgrowthinourregion.Remediationservicesontheotherhandgrewby4percentintheregionand8percentintheU.S.Thismarketisdrivenbyacombinationopublicundingindustrialactivityandtheneedtomanagevariouswastewaterstreamsortheprotectionopublichealth.Wehavenothadadequatepublicundingortreatmentandremediationbutitheregionistocontinuetogrowinasustainablemannerwewillneedtofgureoutacombinationopreventionandtreatmentandhowtopayorit.Theregionhasanabundanceowater.Wewithdrawnearly2.6billiongallonsperdayosuracewaterorusebythepublicandbyindustry.Comparedtomanyotherplacesinthecountryandtheworldwehaveanabundanceohighqualityreshwater.Theprimarythreattothatwatersupplyhoweveristhatdemandsareconstantlyrisingandweareputtingmoreandmorestressonouragingwatertreatmentinrastructure.Atthepresenttimewearestillusinglesswaterthanourcurrenttreatmentcapacitybutitisnotclearhowlongwecanmaintainthatcapacityasourinrastructuredeteriorates.Acrosstheregionwehavebeenrepairinghundredsinotthousandsowaterandsewerleakseachyear.Annualprecipitationintheregionhasrangedromaslittleas27inchestomorethan49inchesoverthepastthirtyyears.PittsburghiswetterthanSeattlebutwerank101stouto195citiesorannualprecipitation.14Thisprecipitationisenoughwhencombinedwithournaturaltopographyandthebuiltenvironmenttocauseanaverageo16billiongallonsocombinedseweroverowsCSOannuallyinthesystemservedbyAlcosanalonewhichlimitrecreationaluseotherivers.RiveradvisorieshaveaectedasignifcantportionotheseasonromMay15toSeptember15Figure4SelectIndustriesintheWaterSupplyandTreatmentSectorSupplyTreatment12trendanalysesonitratesodiumchlorideandtotalhardnesssuggestthatgroundwaterqualityinPennsylvaniaisundergoingsomechange.IncreasesinTDSchloridecalciumpotassiumtotalhardnessandsodiumatmanymonitoringpointsmaybetheresultoincreasednonpointsourcepollutionsuchasroadsaltingandsprawlingpaveddevelopmentsandsuburbs.Itismostlikelythathumanactivitiesareafectingthegroundwaterqualityonaregionalscale.13Elevenalertslastinganaverageovedayseachwereissuedlastsummerwhichhadamoderateamountorainall.Bycontrastsixalertslastinganaverageo21dayseachoccurredduringtheverywetsummero2004and11alertslastinganaverageothreedayseachoccurredduringthedrysummero1999.15RegionalSWOT