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SourceEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.DrinkingWaterVerifedTechnologies.Thismeansthatpeoplecouldhavebeenexposedtohealthrisksresultingromcontactwithriverwateronmorethan4outoevery10summerdaysin2009andeverydayinthe2004season.IntheutureouraginginrastructuremaybeoverwhelmedbythechallengesposedbyCSOsindustrialdischargesandnonpointpollutionromlandrunoprecipitationatmosphericdepositiondrainageorseepage.Howevertherearemoreimmediateeconomicthreatsrelatedtothequalityowaterintheregion.Theregionhasinvested4billiontorevitalizetheriverronts.ThecleanupandinvestmentalongtherivershashelpedtobringineventsliketheBassmasterClassicwhichhadanestimatedeconomicimpacto45million.Kayakrentalsarenowservingmorethan15000peopleeachyear.Ourrivershelptosustaintourismintheregionwhichattractsmorethan10millionpeopleeachyearthatprovidea3billionboosttotheeconomy.16Anyreversaloourwaterrestorationeortscansignifcantlyimpacttheseopportunities.SouthwesternPennsylvaniahasbeenandcontinuestobealeaderinwatertreatment.Theregionhasthreeothe33frmswithEPADrinkingWaterVerifedTechnologiesthatrepresenttwoothesevenverifedtechnologiesTable6.17Theserepresentsomeestablishedtechnologiesoruseindrinkingwatersystems.WeoundnootherregionthatcouldclaimtohaveasmanyfrmsontheEPAslist.Eachothesefrmsrepresentsanestablishedmarketpresencethatcanbehelpulinbuildingacluster.Boththefrmsthemselvesandtheproessionalsworkingwithinthemcanprovidecriticalmarketexpertiseorguidingnewinnovationstomarketandprovidingthementoringtohelpstartupfrmsreachmaturity.Asuccessulclusterhasamixomarketleadersandmarketinnovators.InadditiontofrmsthathaveEPADrinkingWaterVerifedTechnologiesTable6theregionhostsseveralotherfrmsthataredevelopingandintroducingwater-relatedinnovations.MembranefltrationsystemsandUVtreatmentsrepresenttwocriticalareasoinnovationandtheregionisaleaderinbothareas.CalgonCarbonhasdevelopedproductsandservicesusingactivatedcarbonultravioletlightdisinectionandoxidationrepresentingalternativetechnologysolutionsandmarketapplications.CarbonnanotubesarealsobeingexploredindesalinationandotherapplicationswheretheregioncanbringtobearconsiderableresourcesintheormoBayerMaterialScienceandanumberootherfrmspartneredwiththePennsylvaniaNanomaterialsCommercializationCenter.Table7illustratesaewexamplesothetreatmentinnovationsinregionalfrmsbutitisbynomeansacompleteinventory.CarnegieMellonUniversityiscurrentlyconductingananalysisowater-relatedinnovationintheregionthatshouldproduceamorecomprehensivelisting.AlternativefltrationandmediaNoneMembranefltrationsystemsTheF.B.LeopoldCo.Inc.UltrabarUltrafltrationSystemSiemensCorporationMemcorL10VL20VandS10VUltrafltrationModulesUSFilteracquiredbySiemens3M10CMicrofltrationMembraneSystemPoint-o-usedevicesNoneTechnologiesorreductionoarsenicandinorganicchemicalsNoneTechnologiesorreductionodisinectionby-productsNoneUltravioletUVozoneandalternativetechnologiesCalgonCarbonCorp.SentinelUltravioletReactorWholebuildingandmobiletreatmentsystemsNoneVerifedTechnologyPittsburghCompanyTechnologyTable6EPAVerifedDrinkingWaterTechnologies13Innovation